INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING & OEM – VENDOR INSPECTION
Industrial Manufacturing & OEM – Vendor Inspection
Industry Overview
It includes
- OEM manufacturing
- Industrial equipment manufacturing
- Heavy engineering
- Process equipment manufacturing
- Machinery manufacturing
- Fabrication
- Precision machining
- Piping and pressure equipment manufacturing
- Valve manufacturing
- Pump and compressor manufacturing
- Heat exchanger manufacturing
- Tank manufacturing
- Structural and modular fabrication
- Skid / package manufacturing
- Industrial electrical equipment manufacturing
- Specialized component manufacturing
- Assembly and system integration
Manufacturing & OEM Lifecycle
The vendor-manufacturing lifecycle can be viewed chronologically:
1. Engineering & Technical Definition
- Customer specification
- Approved drawings
- Design documents
- Technical datasheets
- Manufacturing drawings
- Inspection and Test Plan
- Quality Assurance Plan
- Applicable codes and standards
2. Procurement & Material Control
- Raw-material procurement
- Bought-out components
- Material certificates
- Material identification
- Traceability
- Incoming inspection
3. Manufacturing / Fabrication
- Cutting
- Forming
- Machining
- Welding
- Heat treatment
- Surface preparation
- Coating
- Assembly
4. Inspection & Testing
- Dimensional inspection
- Visual inspection
- NDT
- Mechanical testing
- Pressure testing
- Electrical testing
- Functional testing
- Performance testing
5. Final Assembly / FAT
- Final dimensional verification
- Functional verification
- Performance testing
- Factory Acceptance Test
- Documentation review
- Punch-point closure
6. Final Release
- Manufacturing records
- Inspection records
- Test certificates
- NCR closure
- Final dossier
- Packing / preservation
- Release for dispatch
Major Manufacturing Domains
Because this sector is extremely broad, the manufacturing landscape can be divided into the following major domains.
1. Heavy Engineering & Fabrication
- Heavy structural fabrication
- Industrial fabrication
- Pressure equipment fabrication
- Process equipment fabrication
- Modular fabrication
- Skid fabrication
- Heavy machinery fabrication
2. Process Equipment Manufacturing
- Pressure vessels
- Columns
- Reactors
- Drums
- Separators
- Heat exchangers
- Condensers
- Storage tanks
- Process skids
3. Piping & Piping Component Manufacturing
- Pipes
- Tubes
- Fittings
- Flanges
- Forgings
- Fabricated piping
- Piping spools
- Special piping components
4. Valve Manufacturing
- Industrial valves
- Process valves
- Control valves
- Safety / relief valves
- Special-service valves
5. Rotating Equipment Manufacturing
- Pumps
- Compressors
- Turbines
- Blowers
- Fans
- Vacuum equipment
- Gearboxes
6. Industrial Machinery Manufacturing
- Material-handling equipment
- Crushing equipment
- Grinding equipment
- Conveyors
- Industrial machinery
- Production machinery
- Specialized machinery
7. Heat Transfer & Thermal Equipment
- Heat exchangers
- Air-cooled heat exchangers
- Condensers
- Boilers
- Furnaces
- Heaters
- Cooling equipment
- Chillers
8. Tanks, Storage & Handling Equipment
- Atmospheric tanks
- Pressure storage
- Silos
- Hoppers
- Bins
- Process tanks
- Storage systems
9. Structural & Modular Manufacturing
- Structural steel
- Pipe racks
- Platforms
- Skids
- Modules
- Equipment supports
- Walkways
- Fabricated assemblies
10. Lifting & Material-Handling Equipment
- EOT cranes
- Gantry cranes
- Jib cranes
- Hoists
- Winches
- Material-handling systems
11. Industrial Electrical Manufacturing
- Transformers
- Switchgear
- Panels
- MCCs
- Distribution boards
- Motors
- Generators
- UPS
- Cables
- Protection equipment
12. Industrial Packages & System Integration
- Pump packages
- Compressor packages
- Chemical injection packages
- Lube-oil packages
- Filtration packages
- Metering packages
- Hydraulic packages
- Utility packages
- Integrated mechanical / electrical packages
Major Manufacturing Categories, Facilities, Systems & Packages
| Ref. | Section | Groups |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heavy Fabrication & Structural Manufacturing | Structural ManufacturingHeavy Fabrication |
| 2 | Pressure Vessels & Static Equipment Manufacturing | Pressure EquipmentManufacturing ProcessesTypical Inspection Evidence |
| 3 | Heat Exchanger & Thermal Equipment Manufacturing | Heat Transfer EquipmentManufacturing Activities |
| 4 | Storage Tanks, Silos & Bulk Handling Equipment | Storage EquipmentBulk Material EquipmentManufacturing Activities |
| 5 | Piping, Fittings & Fabricated Piping | Piping ProductsPiping ComponentsFabricated Piping |
| 6 | Industrial Valve Manufacturing | Valve TypesManufacturing ActivitiesTesting |
| 7 | Pumps & Pump Package Manufacturing | Pump TypesPump Manufacturing / AssemblyTesting |
| 8 | Compressor, Blower & Vacuum Equipment Manufacturing | Compressor TypesAssociated EquipmentTesting |
| 9 | Turbine & Prime-Mover Manufacturing | EquipmentMajor Manufacturing / Assembly AreasTesting |
| 10 | Industrial Machinery Manufacturing | Material Processing MachineryMaterial Handling MachineryProduction MachineryPackaging / Processing Machinery |
| 11 | Boilers, Furnaces & Thermal Equipment | EquipmentMajor ComponentsInspection |
| 12 | Cooling, Refrigeration & HVAC Equipment | EquipmentPackages |
| 13 | Lifting & Material-Handling Equipment | CranesOther EquipmentManufacturing / Testing |
| 14 | Skids, Modules & Integrated Packages | Mechanical PackagesIntegrated Modules |
| 15 | Industrial Electrical Equipment Manufacturing | Power EquipmentSwitchgear & DistributionProtection & ControlCables & Accessories |
| 16 | Electrical Assembly, Integration & FAT | Manufacturing / AssemblyTesting |
| 17 | Machining & Precision Manufacturing | Manufacturing ProcessesTypical ComponentsInspection |
| 18 | Forging, Casting & Special Manufacturing | ForgingsCastingsSpecial Processes |
| 19 | Brownfield / Replacement / OEM Aftermarket Manufacturing | Items listed directly under this section |
1. Heavy Fabrication & Structural Manufacturing
Heavy fabrication and structural manufacturing produces the structures, frames and fabricated assemblies that carry equipment and plant. The groups below cover structural manufacturing and heavy fabrication, followed by the manufacturing process flow.
Structural Manufacturing
- Columns
- Beams
- Bracings
- Frames
- Pipe racks
- Platforms
- Walkways
- Stairs
- Gratings
- Equipment supports
Heavy Fabrication
- Heavy fabricated structures
- Equipment frames
- Machine bases
- Skid structures
- Modular structures
- Fabricated assemblies
Manufacturing Processes:
2. Pressure Vessels & Static Equipment Manufacturing
Pressure vessels and static equipment are fabricated from plate, welded, heat treated, tested and released. The groups below cover the pressure equipment itself, the manufacturing processes and the typical inspection evidence.
Pressure Equipment
- Pressure vessels
- Process vessels
- Drums
- Separators
- Reactors
- Columns
- Towers
- Scrubbers
- Accumulators
- Receivers
Manufacturing Processes
- Plate identification
- Cutting
- Forming / rolling
- Welding
- Heat treatment
- NDT
- Dimensional inspection
- Nozzle inspection
- Internal inspection
- Pressure testing
- Final inspection
Typical Inspection Evidence
- Material certificates
- Weld maps
- WPS / PQR / WPQ
- NDT reports
- Heat-treatment records
- Dimensional reports
- Hydrostatic / pneumatic test records
- Final dossier
3. Heat Exchanger & Thermal Equipment Manufacturing
Heat exchanger and thermal equipment manufacturing covers the heat transfer equipment and the activities used to build and test it. The groups below cover each.
Heat Transfer Equipment
- Shell-and-tube heat exchangers
- Air-cooled heat exchangers
- Condensers
- Reboilers
- Coolers
- Feedwater heaters
- Process heaters
- Waste heat equipment
Manufacturing Activities
- Tube manufacturing / procurement
- Tube-sheet machining
- Shell fabrication
- Baffle fabrication
- Tube insertion
- Tube expansion / welding
- Assembly
- Hydrostatic testing
- Tube testing
- Performance / functional testing
4. Storage Tanks, Silos & Bulk Handling Equipment
Storage tanks, silos and bulk handling equipment are plate-fabricated products for storing and handling liquids and bulk materials. The groups below cover storage equipment, bulk material equipment and manufacturing activities.
Storage Equipment
- Atmospheric storage tanks
- Fixed-roof tanks
- Floating-roof tanks
- Process tanks
- Day tanks
- Chemical storage tanks
- Water tanks
Bulk Material Equipment
- Silos
- Hoppers
- Bins
- Chutes
- Feed hoppers
- Storage bunkers
Manufacturing Activities
- Plate preparation
- Rolling
- Shell fabrication
- Bottom / roof fabrication
- Welding
- Dimensional inspection
- NDT
- Coating
- Leak testing
- Assembly
5. Piping, Fittings & Fabricated Piping
Piping, fittings and fabricated piping cover the pipe products, the components used with them and the spools and systems fabricated from them. The groups below cover each, followed by the manufacturing and inspection flow.
Piping Products
- Seamless pipes
- Welded pipes
- Tubes
- Special alloy pipes
- Fabricated piping spools
Piping Components
- Elbows
- Tees
- Reducers
- Caps
- Branch connections
- Flanges
- Forged fittings
- Special fittings
Fabricated Piping
- Process piping spools
- Utility piping
- Skid piping
- High-pressure piping
- Special-service piping
Manufacturing / Inspection:
6. Industrial Valve Manufacturing
Industrial valve manufacturing covers the valve types made, the manufacturing activities and the tests applied. The groups below cover each.
Valve Types
- Gate valves
- Globe valves
- Check valves
- Ball valves
- Butterfly valves
- Plug valves
- Control valves
- Diaphragm valves
- Safety / relief valves
- Special-service valves
Manufacturing Activities
- Casting / forging
- Machining
- Body fabrication
- Trim manufacturing
- Assembly
- Pressure testing
- Seat testing
- Functional testing
- Actuator integration
- Final inspection
Testing
- Shell test
- Seat test
- Back-seat test, where applicable
- Functional testing
- Leakage verification
- Actuator testing
7. Pumps & Pump Package Manufacturing
Pump and pump package manufacturing covers the pump types, the manufacturing and assembly of the pump and its testing. The groups below cover each.
Pump Types
- Centrifugal pumps
- Positive displacement pumps
- Reciprocating pumps
- Screw pumps
- Gear pumps
- Diaphragm pumps
- Vertical pumps
- Submersible pumps
- Special-process pumps
Pump Manufacturing / Assembly
- Casing
- Impeller
- Shaft
- Bearings
- Mechanical seal
- Coupling
- Baseplate
- Motor integration
- Assembly
- Alignment
Testing
- Hydrostatic testing
- Mechanical run test
- Performance testing
- Vibration
- Noise
- NPSH testing, where specified
- Factory Acceptance Test
8. Compressor, Blower & Vacuum Equipment Manufacturing
Compressor, blower and vacuum equipment manufacturing covers the compressor types, the equipment associated with them and their testing. The groups below cover each.
Compressor Types
- Centrifugal compressors
- Reciprocating compressors
- Screw compressors
- Rotary compressors
- Process compressors
- Air compressors
Associated Equipment
- Drivers
- Gearboxes
- Lubrication systems
- Seal systems
- Coolers
- Filters
- Control systems
- Baseplates
Testing
- Mechanical running
- Performance testing
- Vibration
- Overspeed testing, where applicable
- Functional testing
- FAT
9. Turbine & Prime-Mover Manufacturing
Turbine and prime-mover manufacturing covers the equipment, the major manufacturing and assembly areas and the testing applied. The groups below cover each.
Equipment
- Steam turbines
- Gas turbines
- Hydraulic turbines
- Turbo-expanders
- Engine-driven equipment
Major Manufacturing / Assembly Areas
- Rotors
- Casings
- Blades
- Nozzles
- Bearings
- Seals
- Couplings
- Lubrication systems
- Governing systems
Testing
- Rotor balancing
- Overspeed testing
- Mechanical running
- Vibration
- Performance testing
- Functional testing
10. Industrial Machinery Manufacturing
This is one of the broadest areas within the sector.
Material Processing Machinery
- Crushers
- Jaw crushers
- Cone crushers
- Roll crushers
- Grinding mills
- Ball mills
- Rod mills
- SAG mills
- Screens
- Separators
Material Handling Machinery
- Belt conveyors
- Screw conveyors
- Bucket elevators
- Feeders
- Stackers
- Reclaimers
- Transfer systems
Production Machinery
- Industrial production machines
- Forming machinery
- Cutting machinery
- Presses
- Rolling machinery
- Specialized process machinery
Packaging / Processing Machinery
- Filling machines
- Packing machines
- Industrial mixers
- Blenders
- Process machines
- Automated production equipment
11. Boilers, Furnaces & Thermal Equipment
Boilers, furnaces and thermal equipment covers the equipment, its major components and the inspection applied. The groups below cover each.
Equipment
- Industrial boilers
- Waste heat boilers
- HRSGs
- Process heaters
- Furnaces
- Reheating furnaces
- Heat-treatment furnaces
- Thermal-oil systems
Major Components
- Pressure parts
- Tubes
- Headers
- Drums
- Burners
- Refractory
- Fans
- Ducting
- Structural components
Inspection
- Material verification
- Welding
- NDT
- Heat treatment
- Dimensional inspection
- Pressure testing
- Functional testing
12. Cooling, Refrigeration & HVAC Equipment
Cooling, refrigeration and HVAC equipment covers the equipment manufactured for industrial process and facility applications and the packages built from it. The groups below cover each.
Within industrial manufacturing, this includes equipment manufactured for industrial process and facility applications.
Equipment
- Industrial chillers
- Refrigeration packages
- Air-cooled equipment
- Cooling towers
- Condensers
- Evaporators
- Air-handling equipment
- Industrial ventilation systems
Packages
- Chiller packages
- Refrigeration packages
- Cooling packages
- Pump packages
- Fan packages
13. Lifting & Material-Handling Equipment
Lifting and material-handling equipment covers cranes and other lifting equipment and the manufacturing and testing applied to them. The groups below cover each.
Cranes
- EOT cranes
- Double-girder cranes
- Single-girder cranes
- Gantry cranes
- Jib cranes
- Process cranes
- Ladle cranes
Other Equipment
- Hoists
- Winches
- Lifting beams
- Trolleys
- Material-handling systems
Manufacturing / Testing
- Structural inspection
- Mechanical assembly
- Welding / NDT
- Load testing
- Functional testing
- Brake testing
- Limit-switch verification
- FAT
14. Skids, Modules & Integrated Packages
Skids, modules and integrated packages bring components together into complete mechanical packages and modules. The groups below cover mechanical packages and integrated modules, followed by the inspection flow.
Mechanical Packages
- Pump packages
- Compressor packages
- Chemical injection packages
- Lube-oil packages
- Seal-oil packages
- Fuel-gas packages
- Filtration packages
- Metering skids
- Hydraulic power units
- Water-treatment packages
Integrated Modules
- Process modules
- Utility modules
- Mechanical modules
- Electrical / mechanical integrated packages
- Containerized systems
The inspection focus extends beyond individual components to:
15. Industrial Electrical Equipment Manufacturing
Industrial electrical equipment manufacturing covers power equipment, switchgear and distribution, protection and control, and cables and accessories. The groups below cover each.
Power Equipment
- Power transformers
- Distribution transformers
- Generators
- DG sets
- Motors
Switchgear & Distribution
- HV switchgear
- MV switchgear
- LV switchgear
- MCCs
- PCCs
- Distribution boards
- Electrical panels
Protection & Control
- Protection panels
- Control panels
- Relay panels
- Circuit breakers
- Protection relays
- Metering equipment
Cables & Accessories
- Power cables
- Control cables
- HV / MV cables
- Cable accessories
- Termination systems
16. Electrical Assembly, Integration & FAT
Electrical assembly, integration and FAT cover how electrical equipment is assembled and tested. The groups below cover manufacturing / assembly and testing.
Manufacturing / Assembly
- Panel assembly
- Busbar installation
- Wiring
- Component installation
- Protection equipment integration
- Control-system integration
Testing
- Insulation resistance
- Dielectric testing
- Functional testing
- Protection relay testing
- Circuit-breaker testing
- Routine tests
- Type tests, where applicable
- FAT
17. Machining & Precision Manufacturing
Machining and precision manufacturing covers the machining processes, the components produced and the inspection applied. The groups below cover each.
Manufacturing Processes
- CNC machining
- Turning
- Milling
- Boring
- Drilling
- Grinding
- Honing
- Threading
- Gear manufacturing
- Surface finishing
Typical Components
- Shafts
- Couplings
- Bushes
- Gear components
- Rotors
- Impellers
- Valve components
- Pump components
- Precision-machined parts
Inspection
- Dimensional inspection
- Geometric tolerances
- Surface finish
- Material verification
- Hardness
- Balancing
- NDT where applicable
18. Forging, Casting & Special Manufacturing
Forging, casting and special manufacturing covers forged and cast products and the special processes applied to them. The groups below cover each.
Forgings
- Forged shafts
- Forged rings
- Forged flanges
- Forged valve bodies
- Forged pressure components
Castings
- Steel castings
- Stainless-steel castings
- Alloy castings
- Pump / valve castings
- Machinery castings
Special Processes
- Heat treatment
- NDT
- Surface treatment
- Machining
- Balancing
- Coating
19. Brownfield / Replacement / OEM Aftermarket Manufacturing
Brownfield, replacement and OEM aftermarket manufacturing supports existing plants. The items below are listed directly under this section.
Industrial manufacturing also supports existing plants through:
Brownfield / Replacement / OEM Aftermarket Manufacturing
- Replacement equipment
- Spare components
- Reverse-engineered components, where technically approved
- Equipment refurbishment
- Upgrades
- Retrofit packages
- Capacity upgrades
- Reliability improvements
- Obsolescence replacement
Sector Wise Major Commodities / Items
This sector has the widest equipment and commodity universe among the IQAS industry sectors because the manufacturing / OEM ecosystem supplies equipment across Oil & Gas, Petrochemical, Power, Mining, Steel, Chemical, Food, Water, Renewable Energy and Infrastructure projects.
The item universe can therefore be viewed through three principal CQRA inspection classifications:
SS17
Basic Metals & Fabricated Metal Products
- Raw Materials
- Piping Products
- Structural & Fabricated Products
- Pressure & Static Equipment
- Fabricated Process Equipment
- Fabrication Processes
SS18
- Rotating Equipment
- Process Machinery
- Thermal Equipment
- Valves
- Lifting Equipment
- Material Handling
- Package Equipment
- Machinery Components
SS19
- Generation
- Transformers
- Switchgear
- Electrical Panels
- Electrical Machines
- Cables
- Protection & Control
- Backup Systems
- Earthing & Lightning Protection
SS17 – Basic Metals & Fabricated Metal Products
SS17 — Basic Metals & Fabricated Metal Products covers the following categories for this sector: Raw Materials, Piping Products, Structural & Fabricated Products, Pressure & Static Equipment, Fabricated Process Equipment and Fabrication Processes. The items under each category are listed below.
Raw Materials
- Plates
- Sheets
- Pipes
- Tubes
- Bars
- Rods
- Forgings
- Castings
- Metallic raw materials
Piping Products
- Pipes
- Tubes
- Fittings
- Elbows
- Tees
- Reducers
- Caps
- Flanges
- Branch connections
- Fasteners
- Gaskets
Structural & Fabricated Products
- Structural steel
- Columns
- Beams
- Bracings
- Frames
- Platforms
- Walkways
- Gratings
- Pipe racks
- Equipment supports
- Machine bases
- Skid structures
- Modular structures
Pressure & Static Equipment
- Pressure vessels
- Columns
- Towers
- Drums
- Reactors
- Separators
- Scrubbers
- Receivers
- Storage tanks
- Silos
- Hoppers
- Heat exchangers
- Condensers
- Coolers
- Reboilers
Fabricated Process Equipment
- Process skids
- Piping spools
- Fabricated modules
- Chutes
- Bins
- Hoppers
- Equipment housings
Fabrication Processes
- Welding
- Forming
- Rolling
- Bending
- Machining
- Heat treatment
- NDT
- Surface preparation
- Coating
SS18 – Machinery & Equipment
SS18 — Machinery & Equipment covers the following categories for this sector: Rotating Equipment, Process Machinery, Thermal Equipment, Valves, Lifting Equipment, Material Handling, Package Equipment and Machinery Components. The items under each category are listed below.
Rotating Equipment
- Pumps
- Compressors
- Turbines
- Blowers
- Fans
- Vacuum equipment
- Gearboxes
- Turbo-expanders
Process Machinery
- Crushers
- Grinding mills
- Screens
- Separators
- Centrifuges
- Mixers
- Agitators
- Homogenizers
- Industrial production machinery
Thermal Equipment
- Boilers
- Furnaces
- Heaters
- HRSGs
- Chillers
- Cooling towers
- Refrigeration equipment
- Heat-transfer machinery
Valves
- Gate
- Globe
- Ball
- Butterfly
- Check
- Control
- Diaphragm
- Plug
- Safety / relief
- Special-service valves
Lifting Equipment
- EOT cranes
- Gantry cranes
- Jib cranes
- Hoists
- Winches
- Lifting beams
- Trolleys
Material Handling
- Conveyors
- Feeders
- Stackers
- Reclaimers
- Bucket elevators
- Transfer systems
Package Equipment
- Pump packages
- Compressor packages
- Chemical injection packages
- Filtration packages
- Metering skids
- Lube-oil packages
- Seal-oil packages
- Hydraulic packages
- Water-treatment packages
- Utility packages
Machinery Components
- Shafts
- Rotors
- Impellers
- Couplings
- Gears
- Bearings
- Mechanical seals
- Machined components
SS19 – Electrical & Optical Equipment
SS19 — Electrical & Optical Equipment covers the following categories for this sector: Generation, Transformers, Switchgear, Electrical Panels, Electrical Machines, Cables, Protection & Control, Backup Systems and Earthing & Lightning Protection. The items under each category are listed below.
Generation
- Generators
- DG sets
- Emergency generators
- Generator auxiliaries
Transformers
- Power transformers
- Distribution transformers
- Auxiliary transformers
- Special-purpose transformers
Switchgear
- HV switchgear
- MV switchgear
- LV switchgear
- Circuit breakers
- Isolators / disconnectors
Electrical Panels
- PCCs
- MCCs
- Distribution boards
- Control panels
- Protection panels
- Relay panels
Electrical Machines
- HV motors
- LV motors
- Process motors
- Pump motors
- Compressor motors
- Fan motors
- Electrical drives
Cables
- HV cables
- MV cables
- LV cables
- Power cables
- Control cables
- Cable accessories
Protection & Control
- Protection relays
- CTs, PTs / VTs
- Metering equipment
- Surge protection
- Electrical protection equipment
Backup Systems
- UPS
- Battery chargers
- Battery banks
- DC systems
Earthing & Lightning Protection
- Earthing equipment
- Earthing conductors
- Lightning protection equipment
- Associated components
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